Bitcoin could use a Raspberry Pi to generate all the coins. The only reason it's a power hog is because many people want to generate them, and it automatically adjusts to an higher difficulty in order to maintain the same rate of supply.
So if energy is scarce, then it becomes more expensive, so it's less profitable to run miners, so some people stop mining and Bitcoin automatically takes less energy to generate coins.
So if energy is scarce, then it becomes more expensive, so it's less profitable to run miners, so some people stop mining and Bitcoin automatically takes less energy to generate coins.