Stick with a grid-tie system for the time being, especially if you can get the right feed-in tariffs. I don't really see the case for domestic storage systems yet.
The biggest market for domestic storage is people who would want an emergency generator anyway. You get most of the same benefit for a lower cost with a Powerwall (if the expectation is temporary outage tolerance).
IMO that's the best comparison for domestic storage though.
A Powerwall doesn't store enough energy to be worth much in a real emergency. It's going to be nice to keep your refrigerator running during a short power outage, but it won't provide days or weeks of power the way an inexpensive generator can (for example http://www.homedepot.com/p/Generac-11-000-Watt-Air-Cooled-Au... ).
Sure, you have to either trust that nat gas is available or deal with fuel, but a propane tank isn't obscenely expensive considering that it bumps your backup from hours to days/weeks.
I don't understand your argument. A Powerwall, if it can get you through the trough, means in an emergency you have the same amount of power you'd have in a non-emergency.
A few years ago in Vancouver a storm caused quite a number of major but localized power outages, some of which took a few days to fix. During that month or so there were a few weeks where the sun was blocked for almost the entire day - not even like overcastt.
That being said, I'd you're in a more inland area, with more sun and less clouds it might make sense.
That might work for food in the freezer, as long as you don't live in an area with wildlife like bears and raccoons. It seems like a huge market for this would be off-grid people, who are going to live in the country where such animals will live. It seems like raccoons are in most American cities anyway.
You are still going to have a problem with refrigerated food - lots of vegetables spoil when frozen and frozen milk isn't much fun. Plus the house is going to be consuming lots of power from lighting and TVs as days go by.
I have family that live in very rural areas. Most of them have diesel generators or tractor PTO generators to cope with power outages that last many days. Such a situation is certainly is something that is survivable without a generator, but not very pleasant. Going through the experience once, many people realize that generators aren't that expensive and buy one to be prepared next time.
You might also wonder about running out of diesel fuel, but most farmers have 500 gallon tanks of (untaxed) diesel for equipment. Hundreds of gallons of diesel lasts a long time.
And if you have something like a dairy farm, a generator is a necessity for such a situation with a milking machine.
Storm-damage-related power outages are the killer, particularly if you rely on air conditioning. The last major storm in my area that impacted me knocked out power anywhere from a few days to several weeks, depending on the area.
It is decidedly unpleasant to be in 70+ degree heat with 80% humidity at night and hotter during the day.
> You get most of the same benefit for a lower cost with a Powerwall (if the expectation is temporary outage tolerance).
Ehh? A Powerwall costs $3500 alone, WITHOUT the inverter or transfer switch. A Powerwall supplies 3.3 kW, which isn't enough to run a 3-ton air conditioning unit (30 amps x 240 Volts == 7.2 kW).
If you run 15kW (air conditioner plus a few other stuff), you'll need FIVE Power walls for a minimum price of $17500. (Plus the inverter, plus... etc. etc.)
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Or, you can get a 16kW generator AND switch for $3300.
It depends on where you live. About 15 years ago, the geniuses of our power company decided that they could save on tree trimming near power lines. a few years later, they were bragging about the savings... and then, in the middle of winter, with about 3 feet of snow on the ground, we had an ice storm that took out power for well over half the city. My house was without power for 4 days, with highs in the 20F. There's enough population density our lives were not in danger, but the house was only habitable because we had a generator.
And guess what? 5 months later, the summer comes, the tree trimming still wasn't done, and half the city lost power again due to a summer storm. Out for 6 days in our house. Every day we reached the 90s. Good luck insulating yourself from that heat for almost a week! Having A/C was pretty nice. The power company now inspects and trims around lines every couple of years, just to avoid power outages so wide they can't bring power back at an acceptable timeframe.
That said, the situation is rather regional: I'd not care about AC or heating in a power outage if I lived in Northern California. Around here, where we can hit the 100s in the summer and go under zero in the winter, you have to care a bit. My friend in Alaska cares even more.
So first world problems? Depends on where you live.
Relying on electricity for heating should be on the list of questionable decisions, though. That changes the parameters of emergency planning significantly.
We also had temperatures in the nineties for the last five days here, yet nobody has AC in their home. It's not a big problem with insulation. Of course we also don't have non-redundant overland power lines. Power outages we super rare.
From what I've heard, houses in certain humid and warm regions (like Florida) quickly succumb to mold without air conditioning. In some cases of abandoned properties, the house quickly becomes a total loss.
> Erhm, do you honestly expect to keep your A/C running during a power outage? First world problems indeed..
Yeah. Lets pay $18,000 for a backup solution instead of $3000 one.
The real "first world problems" are the guys who have so much money they can afford to purchase based on ethics, as opposed to practicality.
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My power-outage plan is btw: walk to the mall / library and use their AC. If I were to get a backup unit for my house, it'd be sized for my AC unit for sure however.
"which isn't enough to run a 3-ton air conditioning unit (30 amps x 240 Volts == 7.2 kW)."
Wow, it always surprises me how much Americans waste and consider it totally normal(I bet you are American, in the rest of the world it would be difficult to emit that expression with a straight face).
Have you considered alternatives? My house in sunny Spain spends less than 1Kwatt in August pumping water in a pipeline in the soil that has a big thermal inertia, and small air conditioning units for the air.
"Geothermal" (as they call it here) of that sort can be had in the US, but it's very expensive to install unless you have a large yard (otherwise you have to dig even deeper) and it's difficult to impossible to recover the cost of the system at sale if you move before saving enough to justify the cost—which itself may be difficult if you consider the opportunity cost of the money, and especially if you take out a loan to do it. The buried hoses/pipes also have a limited lifespan, and will need to be replaced in a couple decades, again at great expense.
In short, we don't do stuff like that in the US (at least, not much) because it's often a good way to lose money.
Also, I don't know about Spain, but large parts of the US suffer very high humidity through much of the year. Unless you're on an exposed hilltop with a breeze, it's miserable without good air conditioning. Houses aren't build with cooling-via-open-window in mind anymore, either, having fewer and smaller windows than older houses and being built with no thought to positioning the windows and the house itself such that prevailing winds can blow through it. Many interior materials aren't intended to tolerate even moderate temperature and/or humidity swings anymore, and will deteriorate much more quickly under those conditions. So there aren't many days in a year when it's possible to get by with no heating or cooling and just open your windows, either.
> Have you considered alternatives? My house in sunny Spain spends less than 1Kwatt in August pumping water in a pipeline in the soil that has a big thermal inertia, and small air conditioning units for the air.
Lol, Geothermal costs more than the electricity prices. Geothermal costs $25,000ish. It'd be cheaper to install the Powerwall!
In my state, a kWhr costs $0.08. Large air conditioning units are more efficient. I have a programmable thermostat that keeps the air conditioner off the vast majority of the time.
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The name of the game is to buy big, efficient units. They draw a lot of power while they're on but then they shutoff once your house reaches 76 degrees (or ~24.5 Celsius).
Again, you buy big to be more efficient. We've run the math already. A big efficient whole-house 3-ton AC unit for $1500 is much much cheaper than a Geothermal unit of $25,000.
Then get a programmable thermostat to keep it on only when you need it.
Spain is pretty darn temperate. Average daily highs don't even rise above the 90s in the hottest months. There are a lot of areas in the US that are far hotter, and if you're thinking about taking advantage of solar energy, chances are you're in one of them.
You're assuming that the capacity of the Powerwall is all the power available. With a solar-tied backup system, there is power coming in from the modules as well which is additive to the discharge rate of the Powerwall if wired correctly.
So even your massive A/C should be useable for a while during daylight hours if your solar system is large enough. Most people here in humid hurricane country opt to have a 15 amp 120v window unit available instead, and limit themselves to a single comfortable room.
> You're assuming that the capacity of the Powerwall is all the power available. With a solar-tied backup system, there is power coming in from the modules as well which is additive to the discharge rate of the Powerwall if wired correctly.
That still begs the question: why use Solar + Powerwall when Solar + Gas Generator has higher capacity and is cheaper?
> 15 amp 120v window unit
1800 W, which is more than half the capacity of your Powerwall. Not enough electricity left over to run a single-room AC and a dishwasher at night.
Got an electric oven or stovetop? 4000W or so? Yeah, Powerwall just ain't gonna cut it. 3.3kW capacity is just way too small for the typical house.
The answer to backup is frankly Solar + Generator. Battery backup just doesn't have the specs or the price to be practical yet.
What does the battery accomplish? I mean, maybe an UPS for your computer if you're running something mission critical? Something that can last for 20 minutes while the generator boots up?
But I don't think most people are running mission-critical programs at home.
In my home, a single Powerwall battery could cover 90+ percent (or perhaps 95+ percent?) of nights even in an off-grid arrangement. Covering the rare extremes with a $150 generator would be more cost-efficient than using a larger battery, and likewise, covering the usual case with a battery would be more cost-efficient than running all nights inefficiently using our $5/USgal gasoline.
I suspect that one reason for a domestic storage system would be having solar in one of the states where the power companies have imposed punitively high charges for tying to the grid.
